Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in areas of low hepatitis b and hepatitis c endemicity

ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ranks among the 10 most common cancers worldwide. It evolves from several chronic liver diseases, most of which culminate in cirrhosis. As the most

common causes, other than alcoholic cirrhosis, are chronic hepatitis B and C infections, its prevalence worldwide is linked to the prevalence of these two viruses. Thus, the highest rates

are in southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the world's most populous nations, where hepatitis B virus infection is endemic. In most western countries, hepatitis C virus infection is

the predominant cause, and hepatitis B-related liver cancer occurs largely among immigrants from countries of high hepatitis B endemicity. In most western countries, the incidence and

mortality from HCC is increasing as a consequence of the chronic sequelae of the ‘epidemic’ of hepatitis C of the 1960–1980s. In the US, modeling of this infection predicts a continued rise

in liver cancer over the next decade. Surveillance by the National Cancer Institute and the Centers for Disease Control confirms the increasing incidence of and mortality from HCC to the

year 2000, although subsequent analyses suggest a slowing or possibly decline in the rate of increase. Whether this trend will continue requires further evaluation. Access through your

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BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS TRENDS IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA INCIDENT CASES IN JAPAN BETWEEN 1996 AND 2019 Article Open access 27 January 2022 LONG-TERM TRENDS IN INCIDENCE, MORTALITY AND

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AFFILIATIONS * Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, Liver Disease Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health,

Bethesda, MD, USA L B Seeff & J H Hoofnagle Authors * L B Seeff View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * J H Hoofnagle View author

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CITE THIS ARTICLE Seeff, L., Hoofnagle, J. Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in areas of low hepatitis B and hepatitis C endemicity. _Oncogene_ 25, 3771–3777 (2006).

https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209560 Download citation * Published: 26 June 2006 * Issue Date: 26 June 2006 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209560 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you

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Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative KEYWORDS * hepatocellular carcinoma * hepatitis B * hepatitis C