Host–pathogen interactions in chronic hbv infection and transplantation of hcv-positive organs

HBV and HCV infections continue to be major global health problems, causing over 1 million deaths annually. Key studies this year investigated the innate and adaptive immune responses in

different clinical scenarios in HBV infection, whereas others evaluated the merits of transplanting HCV-infected organs into uninfected recipients. KEY ADVANCES * HBV is able to act as a

‘stealth virus’ and evade the innate immune response1,2,3. * Factors associated with hepatitis flares after stopping antiviral therapy could eventually serve as biomarkers to predict who can

safely stop treatment5,6. * Transmission of HCV can occur through liver transplantation despite absence of measurable viraemia in HCV-antibody positive donors, highlighting the need for

close follow-up of patients receiving these organs7. * Organ transplantation from HCV-infected donors to HCV-uninfected recipients is safe but early and possibly even pre-emptive treatment

is important to reduce the risk of relapse or severe initial infection8,9. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription content, access via your

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Instant access to full article PDF Buy now Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout ADDITIONAL ACCESS OPTIONS: * Log in * Learn about institutional

subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support REFERENCES * Suslov, A. et al. Hepatitis B virus does not interfere with innate immune responses in the human liver.

_Gastroenterology_ 154, 1778–1790 (2018). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Mutz, P. et al. HBV bypasses the innate immune response and does not protect HCV from antiviral activity of

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after transplant of hepatitis C-infected kidneys into uninfected recipients: a single-group trial. _Ann. Intern. Med._ 169, 273–281 (2018). Article  Google Scholar  * Durand, C. M. et al.

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transplantation. _Am. J. Transplant._ 17, 2790–2802 (2017). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Toronto Centre for Liver Disease,

Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada Jordan J. Feld & Adam J. Gehring * Institute for Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto,

Canada Jordan J. Feld & Adam J. Gehring * Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada Adam J. Gehring Authors * Jordan J. Feld View author publications You can also

search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Adam J. Gehring View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to

Jordan J. Feld. ETHICS DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS J.J.F. has received research support from Abbvie, Gilead, Janssen and Merck and honoraria for scientific consulting from Contravir,

Enanta and Roche. A.J.G. has acted as a consultant for Aicuris, Arbutus, Roche and SpringBank Pharmaceuticals and has received research funding from Janssen & Gilead. RIGHTS AND

PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Feld, J.J., Gehring, A.J. Host–pathogen interactions in chronic HBV infection and transplantation of HCV-positive

organs. _Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol_ 16, 77–78 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41575-018-0101-y Download citation * Published: 07 January 2019 * Issue Date: February 2019 * DOI:

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