A genome-wide association study on adherence to low-carbohydrate diets in japanese

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Low-carbohydrate diets (LCD) are useful for weight reduction, and 50–55% carbohydrate consumption is associated with minimal risk. Genetic differences were

related to nutritional consumption, food preferences, and dietary patterns, but whether particular genetic differences in individuals influence LCD adherence is unknown. SUBJECTS/METHODS We

conducted a GWAS on adherence to LCD utilizing 14,076 participants from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort study. We used a previously validated semiquantitative food

frequency questionnaire to estimate food consumption. Association of the imputed variants with the LCD score by Halton et al. we used linear regression analysis adjusting for sex, age, total

dietary energy consumption, and components 1 to 10 by principal component analysis. We repeated the analysis with adjustment for alcohol consumption (g/day) in addition to the

above-described variables. RESULTS Men and women combined analysis without adjustment for alcohol consumption; we found 395 variants on chromosome 12 associated with the LCD score having _P_

values <5 × 10−8. A conditional analysis with the addition of the dosage data of rs671 on chromosome 12 as a covariate, _P_ values for all 395 SNPs on chromosome 12 turned out to be

insignificant. In the analysis with additional adjustment for alcohol consumption, we did not identify any SNPs associated with the LCD score. CONCLUSION We found rs671 was inversely

associated with adherence to LCD, but that was strongly confounded by alcohol consumption. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription content, access

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Log in * Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS DIFFERENT CARBOHYDRATE EXPOSURES AND WEIGHT GAIN—RESULTS

FROM A POOLED ANALYSIS OF THREE POPULATION-BASED STUDIES Article Open access 06 May 2023 THE PERSONALIZED NUTRITION STUDY (POINTS): EVALUATION OF A GENETICALLY INFORMED WEIGHT LOSS APPROACH,

A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL Article Open access 09 October 2023 VALIDATION OF FOOD COMPASS WITH A HEALTHY DIET, CARDIOMETABOLIC HEALTH, AND MORTALITY AMONG U.S. ADULTS, 1999–2018 Article

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caloric intake and exercise in obese subjects. N Engl J Med. 1992;327:1893–8. Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  Download references ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to express our special

thanks to all the faculty at RIKEN, the Laboratory for Genotyping Development, the Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, and the faculty of the BioBank Japan project. We would like to

thank Drs. Nobuyuki Hamajima and Hideo Tanaka, the former principal investigators of the J-MICC, for their continuous support for our study. We also would like to thank Dr. Yoshiyuki Kita

for his constant effort in promoting the J-MICC study. FUNDING This study was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grants (No. 16H06277) from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports,

Science, and Technology. And by a Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research for Priority Areas of Cancer (No. 17015018) and Innovative Areas (No. 221S0001). It was also supported by the Ministry

of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology from April 2003 to March 2015. and by funding for the BioBank Japan Project from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development

from April 2015. AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan Yasuyuki Nakamura, Naoyuki Takashima, Kenji

Matsui, Naoko Miyagawa, Aya Kadota & Katsuyuki Miura * Yamashina Racto Clinic and Medical Examination Center, Kyoto, Japan Yasuyuki Nakamura * Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya

University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan Takashi Tamura, Asahi Hishida, Mako Nagayoshi, Rieko Okada, Yoko Kubo, Kenji Takeuchi & Kenji Wakai * Department of Integrative

Genomics, Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan Akira Narita * Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate

Medical University, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan Atsushi Shimizu & Yoichi Sutoh * Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Iwate Medical University,

Shiwa-gun, Iwate, Japan Atsushi Shimizu * Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Japan Naoyuki Takashima * Division of Bioethics and Healthcare

Law, The National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan Kenji Matsui * Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Naoko Miyagawa * NCD

Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan Aya Kadota & Katsuyuki Miura * Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, International University of Health and

Welfare Narita Hospital, Narita, Japan Jun Otonari * Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Jun Otonari * Department of

Comprehensive General Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Hiroaki Ikezaki * Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University

Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan Hiroaki Ikezaki * Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan Keitaro Tanaka * Department of Pharmacy, Saga University

Hospital, Saga, Japan Chisato Shimanoe * School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan Rie Ibusuki & Daisaku Nishimoto * Department of

International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan Daisaku Nishimoto * Division of Cancer Epidemiology and

Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan Isao Oze * Division of Cancer Information and Control, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan Hidemi Ito *

Division of Descriptive Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan Hidemi Ito * Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto

Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan Etsuko Ozaki & Daisuke Matsui * Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan Haruo Mikami & Miho

Kusakabe * Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan Sadao Suzuki & Miki Watanabe * Department of Preventive Medicine,

Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima, Japan Kokichi Arisawa & Sakurako Katsuura-Kamano * Laboratory of Public Health, Division of Nutritional Sciences,

School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan Kiyonori Kuriki * Public Health Informatics Unit, Department of Integrated Health Sciences, Nagoya University

Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan Masahiro Nakatochi * Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan Yukihide Momozawa &

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author inPubMed Google Scholar * Kenji Wakai View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CONSORTIA J-MICC RESEARCH GROUP CONSORTIUM CONTRIBUTIONS YN,

TT, and KW: designed the research; NT, KeM, NM, AK, KaM, JO, HIk, AH, MNag, RO, YK, KTan, CS, RI, DN, IO, HIt, EO, DM, HM, MKus, SS, MW, KA, SKK, KK, and KTak: conducted the research; YN,

AN, AS, YS, MNak, YM, and MKub: analyzed data and performed statistical analysis; YN, TT, YS, and KW: wrote the paper and had primary responsibility for final content; and all authors: read

and approved the final paper. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Yasuyuki Nakamura. ETHICS DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS The authors declare no competing interests. CONSENT TO

PARTICIPATE All participants in this study gave written informed consent. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION PUBLISHER’S NOTE Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in

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S2 SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE S3 RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Nakamura, Y., Tamura, T., Narita, A. _et al._ A genome-wide association study

on adherence to low-carbohydrate diets in Japanese. _Eur J Clin Nutr_ 76, 1103–1110 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41430-022-01090-w Download citation * Received: 20 June 2021 * Revised:

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