Enhanced expression of pai–1 in visceral fat: possible contributor to vascular disease in obeisty


Play all audios:

Loading...

ABSTRACT The presence of obesity increases the risk of thrombotic vascular diseases. The role of fat accumulation and its effect on plasminogen activator inhibitor–1 (PAI–1) levels was


investigated in humans and animals. Plasma PAI–1 levels were closely correlated with visceral fat area but not with subcutaneous fat area in human subjects. PAI–1 mRNA was detected in both


types of fat tissue in obese rats but increased only in visceral fat during the development of obesity. These data suggest that an enhanced expression of the _PAI–1_ gene in visceral fat may


increase plasma levels and may have a role in the development of vascular disease in visceral obesity. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription


content, access via your institution ACCESS OPTIONS Access through your institution Subscribe to this journal Receive 12 print issues and online access $209.00 per year only $17.42 per issue


Learn more Buy this article * Purchase on SpringerLink * Instant access to full article PDF Buy now Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout ADDITIONAL


ACCESS OPTIONS: * Log in * Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS REGULATION OF PLASMA TRIGLYCERIDE


PARTITIONING BY ADIPOSE-DERIVED ANGPTL4 IN MICE Article Open access 12 April 2021 ROLE OF PAI-1 IN HEPATIC STEATOSIS AND DYSLIPIDEMIA Article Open access 11 January 2021 ROLE OF RAGE IN


OBESITY-INDUCED ADIPOSE TISSUE INFLAMMATION AND INSULIN RESISTANCE Article Open access 22 October 2021 REFERENCES * Larsson, B. _et al_. Abdominal adipose tissue distribution, obesity, and


risk of cardiovascular disease and death: 13 year follow up of participants in the study of men born in 1913. _Br. Med. J._ 288, 1401–1404 (1984). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Kissebah,


A.H. _et al_. Relation of body fat distribution to metabolic complications of obesity. _J. clin. Endocrinol. Metab._ 54, 254–260 (1982). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Deprés, J.P. _et al_.


Role of deep abdominal fat in the association between regional adipose tissue distribution and glucose tolerance in obese women. _Diabetes_ 38, 304–309 (1989). Article  Google Scholar  *


Matsuzawa, Y., Tokunaga, K., Fujioka, S. & Tarui, S. Pathophysiology of visceral fat obesity. in _Progress in Obesity Research_, (ed. Oomura, Y.) 309–312 (John Libbey, London, 1990).


Google Scholar  * Nakamura, T. _et al_. Contribution of visceral fat accumulation to the development of coronary artery disease in non-obese men. _Atherosclerosis_ 107, 239–246 (1994).


Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Wiman, B. & Hamsten, A. The fibrinolytic enzyme system and its role in the etiology of thrombo-embolic disease. _J. Biol. Chem._ 259, 3644–3647 (1984).


CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  * Hamsten, A., Wiman, B., Faire, U.D. & Blomback, M. Increased plasma levels of a rapid inhibitor of tissue plasminogen activator in young survivors of


myocardial infarction. _N. Engl. J. Med._ 313, 1557–1563 (1985). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Wiman, B. & Hamsten, A. The fibrinolytic enzyme system and its role in the etiology of


thrombotic disease. _Semin. Thromb. Haemost._ 26, 207–216 (1990). Article  Google Scholar  * Auwerx, J., Bouillon, R., Collen, D. & Geboers, J. Tissue-type plasminogen activator antigen


and plasminogen activator inhibitor in diabetes mellitus. _Arteriosclerosis_ 8, 68–72 (1988). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Vague, P. _et al_. Correlation between blood fibrinolytic


activity, plasminogen activator inhibitor level, plasma insulin level, and relative body weight in normal and obese subjects. _Metabolism_ 35, 250–253 (1986). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  *


Lucore, C.L., Fujii, S., Wun, T.C., Sobel, B.E. & Billadello, J.J. Regulation of the expression of type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor in Hep G2 cells by epidermal growth factor. _J.


Biol. Chem._ 263, 15845–15848 (1988). CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  * Kooistra, T. _et al_. Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1: Biosynthesis and mRNA levels are increased by insulin in


cultured human hepatocytes. _Thromb. Haemost._ 62, 723–728 (1989). CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  * Hotamisligil, G.S., Shargili, N.S. & Spiegelman, B.M. Adipose expression of tumor


necrosis factor-alpha: Direct role in obesity-linked insulin resistance. _Science_ 259, 87–91 (1993). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Hotamisiigil, G.S., Arner, P., Caro, J.F., Atkinson,


R.L. & Spiegelman, B.M. Increased adipose tissue expression of tumor necrosis factor-a in human obesity and insulin resistance. _J. Clin. Invest._ 95, 2409–2415 (1995). Article  Google


Scholar  * Spiegelman, B.M., Choy, L.:., Hotamisligil, G.S., Graves, R.A. & Tontonoz, P. Regulation of adipocyte gene expression in differentiation and syndromes of obesity/diabetes. _J.


Biol. Chem._ 268, 6823–6826 (1993). CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  * Ailhaud, G., Grimaldi, P. & Negrel, R. Cellular and molecular aspects of adipose tissue development. _Annu. Rev.


Nutr._ 12, 207–233 (1992). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Shimomura, I. _et al_. Marked reduction of acyl-CoA synthetase activity and mRNA in intra-abdominal visceral fat by physical


exercise. _Am. J. Physiol._ 265, E44E50 (1993). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Björntorp, P. “portal” adipose tissue as a generator of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes.


_Arteriosclerosis._ 10, 493–496 (1990). Article  Google Scholar  * Reaven, G.M. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. _Diabetes_ 37, 1595–1607 (1988). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  *


Tokunaga, K., Matsuzawa, Y., Ishikawa, K. & Tarui, S. A novel technique for the determination of fat by computed tomography. _Int. J. Obes._ 7, 437–445 (1983). CAS  PubMed  Google


Scholar  * Fujioka, S., Matsuzawa, Y., Tokunaga, K. & Tarui, S. Contribution of intra-abdominal fat accumulation to the impairment of glucose and lipid metabolism in human obesity.


_Metabolism_ 36, 54–59 (1987). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  * Tokunaga, K., Fukushima, M., Kemnitz, J.W. & Bray, G.A. Comparison of ven-tromedial and paraventricular lesions in rats


that become obese. _Am. J. Physiol._ 251, R1221–R1227 (1986). CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar  * Funahashi, T. _et al_. Enhanced expression of rat obese (ob) gene in adipose tissues of


ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)-lesioned rats. _Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun._ 211, 469–475 (1995). Article  CAS  Google Scholar  Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND


AFFILIATIONS * Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka University Medical School, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565, Japan Iichiro Shimomura, Tohru Funahasm, Masahiko Takahashi, 


Kazuhisa Maeda, Kazuaki Kotani, Tadashi Nakamura, Shizuya Yamashita, Kaoru Takemura, Katsuto Tokunaga & Yuji Matsuzawa * Mitsubishi Kagaku Bioclinical Laboratories, 3-30-1 Shimura,


Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 174, Japan Masakazu Miura * Otsuka Assay Laboratories, 224-18 Kawauchi-cho, Hiraishi, Tokushima, Japan Yoji Fukuda Authors * Iichiro Shimomura View author publications


You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Tohru Funahasm View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Masahiko Takahashi View


author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Kazuhisa Maeda View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar *


Kazuaki Kotani View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Tadashi Nakamura View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed 


Google Scholar * Shizuya Yamashita View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Masakazu Miura View author publications You can also search for this


author inPubMed Google Scholar * Yoji Fukuda View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Kaoru Takemura View author publications You can also


search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Katsuto Tokunaga View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Yuji Matsuzawa View author


publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Shimomura, I., Funahasm, T.,


Takahashi, M. _et al._ Enhanced expression of _PAI–1_ in visceral fat: Possible contributor to vascular disease in obeisty. _Nat Med_ 2, 800–803 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0796-800


Download citation * Received: 18 January 1996 * Accepted: 15 May 1996 * Published: 01 July 1996 * Issue Date: 01 July 1996 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nm0796-800 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone


you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by


the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative